Residual magnetism will remain in the core and ruin the excitation current test results. It is also done at site to ensure healthiness of a transformer that is to check loose connections, broken strands of conductor, high contact resistance in tap changers, high. It is carried out as a type test as well as routine test. The ttr300 series are ideal for use by power transformer manufacturers. Transformer winding resistance measurement is carried out to calculate the i 2 r losses and to calculate winding temperature at the end of a temperature rise test. According to chris adsett, techenomics general manager, like all preventative maintenance tools regular furan analysis can help prevent major damage or failure of a transformer before it occurs and shows when to rewind or retire a transformer. Sweep frequency response analysis test or in short sfra test can detect efficiently, displacement of transformer core, deformation and displacement of winding, faulty core grounds, collapse of partial winding, broken or loosen clamp connections.
This article attempts to capture and summarize the known technical information and recommendations for analysis of furan test results. Dioxins, in their purest form, look like crystals or a colorless solid. The figure shows clearly that there is strong correlation between the spectral response area and furan concentration in transformer oil samples which validate the previously published results in 15, 16. Good linearity was observed from 50 ppb to 9000 ppb with a linear correlation of 0. Five furans are involved in testing including 2 furfurol 2fol, 2furaldehyde 2fal and 2acetylfuran 2acf.
Ac voltage is preferable to dc voltage for transformer testing because ac voltage simulates the internal stress that the transformers face during operating conditions. It will also provide the technical basis for continued gathering and evaluation of furan data for liquid power transformers, and provide a recommended structure for collecting that data. The tests may include a group of standard dielectric fluid tests, plus combustible gasinoil tests, furan tests, and power factor tests. Astm d5837 15 standard test method for furanic compounds. To study the effect of oil reconditioning and oil replacement on the furan values. Scope analysis the 2furtural and related furan compounds during cellulosic insulation in mineral insulating oil samples. I was able to find several references for the standard values from the ieee and other sources for the dissolved gases for each gas and for the several ratios, physical properties of the oil, water content, etc, but i just cant find anything about the furans. Lots of data and electrical power engineers love lots of data. The transformer failed in service while undergoing poweron purification to remove moisture from the insulating oil.
This study used power transformer test data consisting of dielectric. Insulation paper terbuat dari bubur kayu yang diproses dengan tambahan naoh sodium hydroxide dan na 2 so 3 sodium sulphite sehingga terbentuk seratserat organik atau lebih dikenal dengan selulosa cellulose atau glukosa nabati. Confocal laser raman spectroscopy clrs is an effective means of detecting trace liquid and has been widely applied in many fields. Furan analysis can be useful in determining the amount of life expended. As it checks the quality of material used and the procedure of transformer manufacturing hence provide us details of life of transformer, the transformer behaviour on different faults. Kr101231586b1 simple test method for furan in aged. When a cellulose molecule depolymerises breaks into smaller lengths or ring structures, a chemical compound known as a furan is formed. Oil furan level standards test astm d5837 electric. Do not attempt to run an excitation test on a transformer immediately after using dc test equipment. A dga test can identify an overloaded transformer by a test result showing high carbon monoxide, high carbon dioxide, and in extreme cases even elevated methane and ethylene. A conventional faulty oilimmersed transformer 400 v 10 kv, 100 kva was diagnosed and tested with different methods. The doble annual oil survey publishes data and analysis of commercially available transformer mineral oils. A fast method for the analysis of 4 furanic compounds in transformer oil in 5.
The parameters and results were compared with a normal working transformer with the same parameters and age. Furans are one of several chemical compounds that are. Analysis of furanic compounds in transformer oil by. These degradation products are substituted furan derivatives, commonly referred to as furanic compounds or furans. Dioxins and furans is the abbreviated or short name for a family of toxic substances that all share a similar chemical structure. Prior to furan analysis, dissolved gas analysis in oil was the only noninvasive test performed on transformers that could indicate internal problems. There are five types of furans and the trending of these furans and their ratio gives an indication of the state of decomposition of.
Be in the know about available transformer oils and their quality. Furan analysis allows to determine the condition of the paper insulation, which reflects the condition of the transformer. Testing of power transformers seems like a similar experience. Their unique testing procedures and storage capability allows an operator to set up and test difficult threephase transformers with multiple tap changers and bushing cts in a fraction of. Pdf residual life assessment with dga, furan content in. By the furan analysis, we check the condition of paper in transformer oil. Hartford steam boiler uses test results in its transformer oil gas analyst toga program, for instance, to. Samples are easily shipped to intertek laboratories providing. Pdf the purpose and scope of this article is to discuss the history and development of furan testing as one of several diagnostic tools to. The types and concentration of furans in an oil sample. Early detection of paper insulation breakdown can prevent major damage or failure to the power transformer. What is the importance of furan analysis on transformer oil.
Recently, mlgw has added furan analysis to its diagnostic tests. It has been developed with the assistance of bureau of reclamation engineers. This survey provides the test data and information you need to. In order to ensure that power transformers provide long and troublefree service, several diagnostic tests are carried out and remedial actions initiated throughout.
Although the principle of operation of power transformers has remained the same for all these years, advancements have been made in transformer insulation. Mlgws transformer department performs many diagnostic transformer tests. Routine testing of transformer oils and insulating oils on a regular schedule is an accepted industry practice. Detects most internal faults, some external faults and some operational errors.
Furfural furan2carbaldehyde dissolved in transformer oil is regarded as an important mark of the thermal and mechanical degradation in oilpaper insulation. The following tests are routinely conducted in the field on the transformer. By measuring the quantity and types of furans present in a transformer oil. Furans concentration is a very important aging indicator for the evaluation.
Figure 34 test sample consist of copper strip wrapped with transformer paper. Furan is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a fivemembered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen. To determine of the life of transformer and the condition of insulating component furan test conduct. Dec 08, 2018 by measuring the quantity and types of furans present in a transformer oil sample, the paper insulation overall dp degree of polymerisation can be inferred with a high degree of confidence.
The types and concentration of furans in an oil sample can also indicate abnormal stress in a transformer, whether intense, short duration overheating or. Dissolved gas analysis where carbon monoxide present indicates problems with solid insulation. Oil furan level standards test astm d5837 electric power. Testing oltc on load tap changer tests for reference signature tests on main protective relays. Analysis of paper insulation for its dp value requires removal of a few strips of paper. Testing and commissioning of hv power transformers. Power transformer testing transformers may be tested using ac or dc voltage.
What is the normal frequency of transformer oil sampling. I just received an oil analysis result for a transformer. The c auses of paper decomposition in transformers include. After that an opening of the transformer was performed to approve and to make a visual verification of the. A degree of polymerization was observed in a 40yearold transformer of mlgw following a test.
As power transformer is highly expensive as well as important part of distribution system. Because a test confirms what you know, if you can apply in real life what you have learned in a classroom, under strict, rigorous and controlled conditions. The power transformer also forms a significant percentage of the total investment in the power system. The type and routine test are very important for transformer. Evaluation of transformer solid insulation transformer chemistry. It is soluble in common organic solvents, including alcohol, ether, and acetone, and is.
Ttr300 series threephase transformer turns ratio test set. Analysis of furfural dissolved in transformer oil based on. Assessing remnant life of transformer based on furan. Furan testing of transformers oil linkedin slideshare. Vis spectral response and furan measurement of transformer oil, in condition monitoring and diagnosis, 2008. This is usually done in transformers aging above 15 years. Current transformers cts voltage transformers cvts ivts 1. Furfural furan 2carbaldehyde dissolved in transformer oil is regarded as an important mark of the thermal and mechanical degradation in oilpaper insulation. Furan content of the transformer was monitored since then. Furan testing is another test done on transformer oil to determine if the paper insulation is degraded. The experience of dp and furan in remnant life assessment of power transformer conference paper pdf available may 2008 with 1,806 reads how we measure reads. After installation of transformer on the plinth, accessories viz. Furan testing is a way of determining the life of a transformer before this occurs.
The report included the level of furan, according to the test astm d5837. Pdf the experience of dp and furan in remnant life. When the furan count is above 2500ppb, it means the transformer is about to fail. Transmission power transformer assessment using furan. In feb 2008, when the test was carried, the furan content had increased to 8530 ppb. In the past, dissolved gas analysis has been the best predictive, noninvasive test for potential failures. General and physical tests are suggested twice a year, dissolved gas analysis once a year, and furan testing every 2 years for transformers in operation at least 5 years. Spare transformer to be arranged and kept ready for vital. With the aid of transformer thermal modeling, the papers dp is estimated and a practical correlation is established between the furan measurements and the papers dp estimates. Issued since 1953, the report compares current data with historical reports to evaluate product consistency. Furan testing helps determine paper insulation degradation of transformer oil.
Every transformer owner therefore requires implementation of the best practices available to effectively manage transformer life and in turn get a good return on investment and revenue from the asset, and to minimize costly failures. Furan is a colorless, flammable, highly volatile liquid with a boiling point close to room temperature. Powerfactor or dissipationfactor tipup exceeding 1. And, of course, the ever important and super sophisticated smell and visual test performed by the experienced service technician on site. The first one is oil sample test, wherein the transformer oil is tested for its gas composition and ratio of appropriate dissolved gases is considered and thus the transformer condition can be analyzed. The following measures are suggested for such transformers. It can cause non availability of transformers for long hours. Pdf furan analysis for liquid power transformers researchgate. The second one is furan derivatives test, which uses software program once the oil is subjected to furan test.
When this degrades furans are given off and retained in the oil. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as furans. Analisa bdv test di minyak trafo terdapat hubungan antara insulation paper dengan uji furan di minyak trafo seperti berikut. Assessing remnant life of transformer based on furan content in. The furan content in the transformer oil had reached 12739 ppb by april 2008.
The degradation materials produce co and co2 gases. Transformer oil testing is a proven loss prevention technique which should be a part of any condition. Furan tests power transformers blog expert safety and. After the first year, an annual dga test should suffice. Most dioxins and furans are not manmade or produced intentionally, but. Furan indicates the compounds of carbon and hydrogen. Furan test is used to determine the life of a transformer and condition of transformer oil in transformer oil. Furans are part of the products generated as paper decomposes. Turnsratio test results should not deviate more than. By measuring the quantity and types of furans present in a transformer oil sample, the paper insulation overall dp degree of polymerisation can be inferred with a high degree of confidence. Assessing remnant life of transformer based on furan content. Using clrs to detect furfural concentration can overcome many disadvantages of traditional. Transformer testing type tests and routine tests of.
Analisa furan test di minyak trafo sains, teknologi dan. Furan analysis on transformer oil indicates the degree of degradation of the transformer paper insulation. Oil furan level standards test astm d5837 miketech59 electrical 10 oct 05 09. Furan analysis by measuring the quantity and types of furans present in a transformer oil sample, the paper insulation overall dp can be inferred. Gases generate by degradation of fluid or cellulose. They are the vital links between generation and transmission. Furan measurement in transformer oil by uvvis spectroscopy using fuzzy logic approach.
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